Falls efficacy instruments for community-dwelling older adults: a COSMIN-based systematic review

Abstract Background Falls efficacy is a widely-studied latent construct in community-dwelling older adults. Various self-reported instruments have been used to measure falls efficacy. In order be informed of the choice best measurement instrument for specific purpose, empirical evidence development and properties related needed. Methods The Consensus-based Standards Selection Health Measurement Intruments (COSMIN) checklist was summarise on development, content validity, structural validity measuring Databases including MEDLINE, Web Science, PsychINFO, SCOPUS, CINAHL were searched (May 2019). Records studies assessing or scales included. COSMIN methodology guide review eligible assessment their methodological quality. Evidence validity: relevance, comprehensiveness comprehensibility unidimensionality synthesised. A modified GRADE approach applied synthesis. Results Thirty-five studies, which 18 had identified, included review. High-quality showed that Modified Efficacy Scale (FES)-13 items (MFES-13) has sufficient yet insufficient Moderate quality supported FES-10 MFES-14 comprehensibility. Activities-specific Balance Confidence (ABC) Scale–Simplified (ABC-15) relevance balance confidence by moderate-quality evidence. Low very low-quality underpinned other instruments. eight (FES-10, MFES-14, ABC-6, ABC-15, ABC-16, Iconographical FES (Icon-FES), FES–International (FES-I) Perceived Ability Prevent Manage Fall Risks (PAPMFR)). Conclusion Content understudied. Structural number widely-used Measuring subset Further work needed investigate broader